A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention. In other words, a patent is an exclusive right to a product or process that generally provides a new way of doing something, or offers a new technical solution to a problem. To obtain a patent, technical information about the invention must be disclosed to the public in a patent application.

A trademark is a sign that distinguishes the goods or services of one organization from those of other organizations. Trademarks are protected by intellectual property rights.

Trade secrets are intellectual property (IP) rights over confidential information that can be sold or licensed. Generally, to qualify as a trade secret.

A geographical indication (GI) is a mark used on products that have a specific geographical origin and have qualities or reputations that are due to that origin. To function as a geographical indication, the mark must identify a product as originating in a particular place. In addition, the product’s qualities, characteristics, or reputation must be primarily due to the place of origin. Since qualities depend on the geographical place of production, there is a clear link between the product and its original place of production.

In principle, the owner of a registered industrial design or design patent has the right to prevent third parties from making, selling or importing goods bearing or embodying a design that is a copy or substantially a copy of the protected design, when such acts are carried out for commercial purposes.